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1 Вашингтонский консенсус
Вашингтонский консенсус
Принятый в 1989 году документ МВФ, содержащий 10 рекомендаций (в основном для стран Южной Америки) о путях развития рыночной экономики. Эти рекомендации следующие: 1. Поддержание фискальной дисциплины (минимальный дефицит бюджета). 2. Приоритетность здравоохранения, образования и инфраструктуры среди государственных расходов. 3. Снижение предельных ставок налогов. 4. Либерализация финансовых рынков для поддержания реальной ставки по кредитам на невысоком, но всёже положительном уровне. 5. Свободный обменный курс национальной валюты. 6. Либерализация внешней торговли (в основном за счет снижения ставок импортных пошлин). 7. Снижение ограничений для прямых иностранных инвестиций. 8. Приватизация. 9. Дерегулирование экономики. 10. Защита прав собственности. Хотя, как видим, здесь нет ни слова об одновременности или последовательности перечисленных мер (или реформ), «В.к.» оказался в центре многолетней дискуссии между сторонниками так называемой «шоковой терапии» и градуалистами (см. Эволюционный подход к изучению экономики). По-видимому, это случилось потому, что сторонниками «В.к» объявили себя первопроходцы рыночных реформ в Польше, прибегнувшие к шоковой терапии и одержавшие на этом пути впечатляющие успехи, а экономисты МВФ усиленно пропагандировали эти принципы в странах, начавших переход к рынку. Правительство Ельцина-Гайдара тоже предприняло подобную попытку, но ее уже через три месяца свернула законодательная власть. (Подробнее см. Либерализация, Градуализм).
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Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Вашингтонский консенсус
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2 Вашингтонский консенсус
Politics: Washington ConsensusУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Вашингтонский консенсус
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3 Bibliography
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4 выразить интерес к достижению консенсуса
Finances: express interest in reaching a consensus (on... - по... ; англ. цитата приводится из статьи в газете Washington Post)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > выразить интерес к достижению консенсуса
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5 достигать двухпартийного консенсуса
Politics: reach a bipartisan consensus (on... - по... ; англ. цитата приводится из статьи в газете Washington Post)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > достигать двухпартийного консенсуса
См. также в других словарях:
Washington Consensus — Consensus de Washington Le consensus de Washington est une expression créée en 1989, par l’économiste John Williamson[1] pour résumer les mesures standard alors recommandées aux économies en difficulté, notamment celles d Amérique latine, par les … Wikipédia en Français
Washington Consensus — The term Washington Consensus was initially coined in 1989 by John Williamson to describe a set of ten specific economic policy prescriptions that he considered to constitute a standard reform package promoted for crisis wracked developing… … Wikipedia
Washington Consensus — Der Begriff Washington Consensus bezeichnet eine Anzahl von wirtschaftspolitischen Maßnahmen zunächst im Bereich der Entwicklungspolitik, die Regierungen zur Förderung von wirtschaftlicher Stabilität und Wachstum durchführen sollten. Das Konzept… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Consensus De Washington — Le consensus de Washington est une expression créée en 1989, par l’économiste John Williamson[1] pour résumer les mesures standard alors recommandées aux économies en difficulté, notamment celles d Amérique latine, par les institutions… … Wikipédia en Français
Consensus de washington — Le consensus de Washington est une expression créée en 1989, par l’économiste John Williamson[1] pour résumer les mesures standard alors recommandées aux économies en difficulté, notamment celles d Amérique latine, par les institutions… … Wikipédia en Français
Consensus de Washington — Le consensus de Washington est un corpus de mesures standard appliquées aux économies en difficulté face à leur dette (notamment en Amérique latine) par les institutions financières internationales siégeant à Washington (Banque mondiale et Fonds… … Wikipédia en Français
Washington-Konsens — Der Begriff Washington Consensus bezeichnet eine Menge von wirtschaftspolitischen Maßnahmen, die Regierungen zur Förderung von wirtschaftlicher Stabilität und Wachstum durchführen sollten. Dieses Konzept wird von IWF und Weltbank propagiert und… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Consensus (disambiguation) — For the Wikipedia policy, see Wikipedia:Consensus. The word consensus may mean: 1992 Consensus Consensual nonconsent Consensus (computer science) achieving coherence, or quorum, among nodes of a distributed computer system. Consensus (medical)… … Wikipedia
Consensus de Beijing — Le Consensus de Beijing (ou Consensus de Pékin) est un terme décrivant la diplomatie et le modèle de développement proposé par la Chine populaire, en particulier auprès des pays en voie de développement, notamment en Afrique. L Occident et la… … Wikipédia en Français
Washington Improv Theater — or WIT, is an improv comedy group and school based in Washington, D.C..Washington Improv Theater was founded in 1986 by Carole Douglis, and then was disbanded in 1992. Three years later, Douglis started training a new cohort of improvisors, some … Wikipedia
Consensus de Pékin — Le Consensus de Pékin (ou Consensus de Beijing) est un terme décrivant la diplomatie et le modèle de développement proposé par la Chine populaire, en particulier auprès des pays en voie de développement, notamment en Afrique. L Occident et la… … Wikipédia en Français
